Definition and Examples of Exigence in Rhetoric

Definition and Examples of Exigence in Rhetoric In talk, exigence is an issue, issue, or circumstance that causes or prompts somebody to compose or talk. The term exigence originates from the Latin word for request. It was promoted in expository investigations by Lloyd Bitzer in The Rhetorical Situation (Philosophy and Rhetoric, 1968). In each expository circumstance, said Bitzer, there will be at any rate one controlling exigence which works as the sorting out guideline: it indicates the crowd to be tended to and the change to be influenced. As such, says Cheryl Glenn, a rhetoricalâ exigence is a difficult that can be settled or changed by talk (or language)... All fruitful talk (regardless of whether verbal or visual) is a legitimate reaction to an exigence, a genuine motivation to communicate something specific. (The Harbrace Guide to Writing, 2009) Different Considerations Exigence isn't the main segment of an expository circumstance. The rhetor likewise should consider the crowd being tended to and limitations that would introduce obstacles.â Analysis Exigence has to do with what prompts the writer to write in any case, a desire to move quickly, a difficult that requires consideration at the present time, a need that must be met, an idea that must be comprehended before the crowd can move to a subsequent stage. (M. Jimmie Killingsworth, Appeals in Modern Rhetoric. Southern Illinois University Press, 2005)An exigence might be something as immediate and extraordinary as a force blackout, which may provoke an authority to convince everybody to remain quiet or to help those out of luck. An exigence might be progressively unobtrusive or perplexing, similar to the revelation of another infection, which may incite clinical authorities to convince the open how to change its conduct. Exigence is a piece of a circumstance. It is the basic part that causes individuals to pose the hard inquiries: What right? What caused it? What great right? What are we going to do? What was the deal? What will occur? (John Mauk and John Metz Inventing Argume nts, fourth ed. Cengage, 2016) Explanatory and Nonrhetorical Exigences An exigence, [Lloyd] Bitzer (1968) affirmed, is a blemish set apart by earnestness; it is an imperfection, an impediment, something holding back to be done, a thing which is other than it ought to be (p. 6). At the end of the day, an exigence is a squeezing issue on the planet, something to which individuals must join in. The exigence capacities as the progressing guideline of a circumstance; the circumstance creates around its controlling exigence (p. 7). In any case, only one out of every odd issue is a logical exigence, Bitzer clarified. An exigence which can't be adjusted isn't explanatory; in this manner, whatever comes to fruition of need and can't be changed-demise, winter, and some catastrophic events, for example are exigences no doubt, however they are nonrhetorical. . . . An exigence is expository when it is equipped for positive change and when positive alteration requires talk or can be helped by talk. (accentuation included) (John Mauk and John Metz Inventing Arguments, fourth ed. Cengage, 2016)Racism is a case of the primary kind of exigence, one where talk is required to expel the issue... For instance of the second kind an exigence that can be adjusted by the help of logical talk Bitzer offered the instance of air contamination. (James Jasinski, Sourcebook on Rhetoric. Wise, 2001) A concise model may assist with representing the contrast between an exigence and an expository exigence. A storm is a case of a non-explanatory exigence. Despite how diligently we attempt, no measure of talk or human exertion can forestall or modify the way of a tropical storm (at any rate with todays innovation). Be that as it may, the result of a tropical storm pushes us toward an explanatory exigence. We would manage an expository exigence in the event that we were attempting to decide how best to react to individuals who had lost their homes in a storm. The circumstance can be tended to with talk and can be settled through human activity. (Stephen M. Croucher, Understanding Communication Theory: A Beginners Guide, Routledge, 2015) As a Form of Social Knowledge Exigence must be situated in the social world, neither in a private observation nor in material condition. It can't be broken into two parts without wrecking it as an expository and social marvel. Exigence is a type of social information a shared interpreting of articles, occasions, intrigue, and purposes that joins them as well as makes them what they are: a generalized social need. This is very not quite the same as [Lloyd] Bitzers portrayal of exigence as an imperfection (1968) or a peril (1980). Then again, despite the fact that exigence furnishes the rhetor with a feeling of explanatory reason, it is obviously not equivalent to the rhetors goal, for that can be not well shaped, disguising, or at chances with what the circumstance traditionally underpins. The exigence furnishes the rhetor with a socially unmistakable approach to make their aims known. It gives an event, and along these lines a structure, for making open our private adaptations of things. (Carolyn R. Mill operator , Genre as Social Action, 1984. Rpt. in Genre In the New Rhetoric, ed. by Freedman, Aviva, and Medway, Peter. Taylor Francis, 1994) Vatzs Social Constructionist Approach [Richard E.] Vatz (1973)... tested Bitzers idea of the logical circumstance, keeping up that an exigence is socially built and that talk itself produces an exigence or expository circumstance (The Myth of the Rhetorical Situation.) Quoting from Chaim Perelman, Vatz contended that when rhetors or persuaders pick specific issues or occasions to expound on, they make nearness or striking nature (Perelmans terms)- generally, it is the decision to concentrate on the circumstance that makes the exigence. Consequently a president who decides to concentrate on social insurance or military activity, as per Vatz, has built the exigence toward which the talk is tended to. (Irene Clark, Multiple Majors, One Writing Class. Linked Courses for General Education and Integrative Learning, ed. by Soven, Margot, et al., Stylus, 2013)

The Wizard of Oz free essay sample

Youth versus Adulthood The adjustment in setting from Kansas to Oz is interchangeable and furthermore representative of Dorothy’s progress from adolescence to adulthood. I will draw on explicit models from the film where it is obvious that Dorothy’s conduct in Oz mirrors a progressively full grown-up like tone though comparative circumstances in Kansas light up whimsicalness. The most conspicuous model in Kansas where Dorothy exhibits her kid like conduct is when Ms Gulch comes to take Toto away. Dorothy’s articulation and tone shows that she is very bothered and disappointed. Therefore, Dorothy forcefully pushes Ms Gulch and hollers â€Å"No no I wont let you take him. You leave or sick nibble you myself, you fiendish old Witch! †. The crowd can in all likelihood relate this conduct to that of a kid pitching a temper fit when they are vexed. Dorothy’s choice to utilize ridiculing and take steps to nibble Ms Gulch firmly demonstrates her failure to remain quiet. We will compose a custom exposition test on The Wizard of Oz or on the other hand any comparative point explicitly for you Don't WasteYour Time Recruit WRITER Just 13.90/page Dorothy’s conduct in Oz is entirely different than what is shown in Kansas. Her tone, mentality and responses to ominous occasions speak to a greater amount of the â€Å"Adult† Dorothy.The crowd never encounters Dorothy losing her cool the manner in which she did in Kansas. Or maybe, rather than a youngster, Dorothy is viewed as to a greater degree a mother figure to the Scarecrow, Lion and the Tin-man. Likewise, a case of this is the point at which the Witch catches Toto, Dorothy says â€Å"Oh please give me back my Dog! † Toto is taken from Dorothy in two circumstances. Once in Kansas, and the other time in Oz. Her differentiating reactions feature the development of Dorothys persona from Childhood to Adulthood.She reacts in a significantly more grown-up like quiet, compromise looking for design in Oz, she is in any event, ready to arrange and bargain the Ruby Red Slippers so as to get Toto back. This is an unmistakable distinction from Dorothy’s forceful conduct in Kansas when Ms Gulch took Toto. The examination of Dorothy’s response when Toto is detracted from her is representative of her being an Adult in Oz versus a Child in Kansas. Her reactions firmly demonstrate that she can think all the more judiciously in Oz. Her statement decision in Kansas and utilizing names like â€Å"Wicked old witch† show that she is hasty, handily disappointed and in this way substantially more a youngster. Word Count : 350

Our Seeple did some amazing things last year COLUMBIA UNIVERSITY - SIPA Admissions Blog

Our ‘Seeple’ did some amazing things last year COLUMBIA UNIVERSITY - SIPA Admissions Blog Two-thousand fourteen was an extraordinary year, and we can hardly wait to see what 2015 has in store for us. SIPA students, faculty and alumni are flourishing and are accomplishing so many great things across the globe.  Last year, SIPA welcomed some notable people to campus, our students explored climate issues abroad, and our staff and alumni even found  themselves  in the pages and on the teleprompters of the countrys leading media outlets. The New Year may be in full swing, but we dont want to forget about our accomplishments last year. So as you put away the twinkle lights, make lists for this years resolutions, and dream about tomorrow (and possibly a future at SIPA), we thought wed share some of our favorite Seeple (SIPA people) moments with you.  Heres a look at some of our favorite moments from 2014: Conferences and Speakers In January 2014, SIPA held its annual Washington, D.C. Career Conference where students networked with potential employers in the DC area and with SIPA alumni. Throughout the spring semester, the SIPA United Nations Studies Program (UNSP) held several working lunch events, which featured Ambassador Oh Joon, Permanent Representative of the Republic of Korea, and Ambassador Khalid Abdalrazaq Al Nafisee, Permanent Representative of Saudi Arabia, and allowed students to interact with the Ambassadors. In March, SIPA and the Harriman Institute convened six faculty experts for a wide-ranging discussion on the crisis in Ukraine. In April, SIPA hosted the 17th  Annual David N. Dinkins Leadership Public Policy Forum, led by former NYC Mayor David Dinkins, and featured current NYC Mayor, Bill de Blasio, SIPA ‘87. In May, Françoise Bouchet-Saulnier of Médecins Sans Frontières and Philippe Bolopion of Human Rights Watch discussed challenges in humanitarian law. Then, the following week,  SIPA held TEDxColumbia SIPA: Think Smaller  at Columbia Universitys Miller Theatre to discuss the notion that bigger is not always better. In December, Columbia’s Journal of International Affairs celebrated the launch of its Fall 2014 issue, “Breaking Point: Protests and Uprisings in the 21st Century,” at the biannual Thought Leadership Forum. And ending the year with a bang, Jason Bordoff, SIPA professor, appeared on the Colbert Report and discussed energy and falling oil prices. Student Spotlights Tsechu Dolma, MPA ’15, received the  Brower Youth Award  and was recognized for her work to build a community greenhouse in Nepali village. Moises Mendoza, MIA ’16, pursued a  Project on Statelessness. The  beta version of the multimedia website, Stateless Voices, is currently online. Rina Lila, MIA ’15, worked on the  Kosovo Diaspora Project. For last years  Workshop in Development Practice, 21 teams of SIPA students in the Economic and Political Development concentration pursued fieldwork in 18 countries. SIPA students participated in United Nations’ Conference of the Parties (COP 20) on climate issues in Lima, Peru. A delegation of SIPA students were joined by Dean Merit E. Janow at the 2014 conference of the Global Public Policy Network (GPPN), hosted by the Hertie School of Governance in Berlin. Following NYC Mayor Bill de Blasio’s election, five MPA students surveyed their classmates to develop policy recommendations for New York City’s new mayor in the key areas of housing, transportation, education, and economic development and sustainability and sent an open letter to Mayor de Blasio. Alumni Accomplishments Ella Watson-Stryker, SIPA ’09, was featured on cover of Time Magazine as Times Person of the Year. She was picked as the “Ebola Fighter” with fellow Médecins Sans Frontières  staff! Ashoka Mukpo, MIA ’11,  recovered from Ebola  and is doing well. Cris Stephen, MIA ’99, was  appointed coordination officer for the UN Mission for Ebola Emergency Response. Eric Garcetti, SIPA ’93, was elected Mayor of Los Angeles in November. Congratulations!  ***Cant get enough of 2014? Watch some of our greatest moments, featuring clips from SIPAs most-popular conferences, panel discussions and round-table events.*** Looking ahead to 2015 Julissa Reynoso, U.S. Ambassador to Uruguay, will teach a new course at SIPA on rule of law in Latin America (Seminar on Latin America: Challenges to Progress) this spring. Caroline Kennedy, U.S. ambassador to Japan and a 1988 graduate of Columbia Law School, will be the featured speaker at SIPA’s graduation ceremonies in spring 2015. and We will welcome a new class of SIPA students!! For prospective students interested in applying to Fall 2015, a friendly reminder that February 5, 2015 (at 11:59 PM EST) is the final application deadline. Good luck!